Composite fillings, made from a tooth-colored resin material, are a popular choice for treating cavities due to their aesthetic appeal and durability. Unlike traditional silver (amalgam) fillings, composite fillings blend seamlessly with the natural color of the tooth, making them nearly invisible. These fillings are also more conservative, as they require less removal of the tooth structure to place them, preserving more of the original tooth. Additionally, composite fillings bond directly to the tooth, which adds strength and helps prevent further damage or fractures. They are particularly ideal for fillings in visible areas like the front teeth, where appearance is important.

In contrast, silver fillings, made from a mixture of metals like silver, mercury, and tin, have raised concerns over the years due to their potential health risks. The primary concern is the mercury content in amalgam fillings, which can slowly release trace amounts of mercury vapor over time, particularly when the filling is chewed or exposed to hot liquids. While research has shown that silver fillings are generally safe for most people, the potential health risks—especially for those with allergies, pregnant women, or young children—have led to recommendations for limiting their use. Additionally, silver fillings can expand and contract with temperature changes, potentially causing cracks or further damage to the tooth. Composite fillings offer a safer, more aesthetically pleasing alternative with less risk of complications.